VALIDACIÓN DE LAS VERSIONES ESPAÑOLAS (COMPLETA Y BREVE) DE LA ESCALA DE TOLERANCIA AL MALESTAR EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS ARGENTINOS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21134/1104Palabras clave:
Tolerancia al malestar, Propiedades psicométricas, Invarianza de medida, Estudiantes universitariosResumen
Introducción. La tolerancia al malestar es un factor transdiagnóstico de diversos desordenes psicológicos. La evaluación de las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Tolerancia al Malestar (ETM) y su versión breve para personas de Sudamérica es limitada. Método. Se examinaron las propiedades psicométricas de la versión en español completa y breve de la ETM en una muestra de 514 (70.6% mujeres) estudiantes universitarios argentinos que completaron una encuesta virtual. Se examinaron evidencias de validez estructural e invarianza según sexo. Se examinó la consistencia interna y evidencias de validez concurrente. Resultados. Para la versión completa, el modelo de cuatro factores jerárquico mostró el mejor ajuste a los datos, en tanto que la versión breve (cuatro ítems, cada uno con la carga factorial más alta en su dimensión) también mostró un ajuste adecuado. La invarianza en función del sexo fue establecida y la evidencia sobre la consistencia interna y la validez concurrente fue adecuada para ambas versiones. Conclusiones. La versión completa y breve de la ETM son válidas y confiables para la población argentina y puede ser de utilidad para identificar a aquellas personas en riesgo (i.e., con bajos puntajes en la ETM) de desarrollar problemas de salud mental.
Descargas
Citas
Aguirre, P., Michelini, Y., Bravo, A. J., Pautassi, R. M., & Pilatti, A. (2024). Association between personality traits and symptoms of depression and anxiety via emotional regulation and distress tolerance. Plos one, 19(7), e0306146. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0306146
Anderson, G. N., Conway, C. C., Bravo, A. J., & Cross?Cultural Addictions Study Team (2025). Distress tolerance is linked with substance use motivations and problems in young adults across four continents. Journal of Personality, 93(3), 706-723. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12963
Andreassen, C. S., Billieux, J., Griffiths, M. D., Kuss, D. J., Demetrovics, Z., Mazzoni, E., & Pallesen, S. (2016). The relationship between addictive use of social media and video games and symptoms of psychiatric disorders: A large-scale cross-sectional study. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 30(2), 252–262. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/adb0000160
Akbari, M., Hosseini, Z. S., Seydavi, M., Zegel, M., Zvolensky, M. J., & Vujanovic, A. A. (2022). Distress tolerance and posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 51(1), 42-71. https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2021.1942541
Allan, N. P., Macatee, R. J., Norr, A. M., Raines, A. M., & Schmidt, N. B. (2015). Relations between common and specific factors of anxiety sensitivity and distress tolerance and fear, distress, and alcohol and substance use disorders. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 33, 81-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.05.002
Auerbach, R. P., Mortier, P., Bruffaerts, R., Alonso, J., Benjet, C., Cuijpers, P., Demyttenaere, K., Ebert, D. D., Green, J. G., Hasking, P., Murray, E., Nock, M. K., Pinder-Amaker, S., Sampson, N. A., Stein, D. J., Vilagut, G., Zaslavsky, A. M., Kessler, R. C., & WHO WMH-ICS Collaborators (2018). WHO World Mental Health Surveys International College Student Project: Prevalence and distribution of mental disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 127(7), 623–638. https://doi.org/10.1037/abn0000362
Azizi, A. R. (2010). Reliability and validity of the Persian version of distress tolerance scale. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 5(4), 154-158.
Brown, R. J., Burton, A. L., & Abbott, M. J. (2022). The relationship between distress tolerance and symptoms of depression: Validation of the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) and short?form (DTS?SF). Journal of Clinical Psychology, 78(12), 2609-2630. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.23370
Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
Cabello, R., Salguero, J. M., Fernández-Berrocal, P., & Gross, J. J. (2013). A Spanish adaptation of the emotion regulation questionnaire. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 29(4), 234–240. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000150
Chen, F. F. (2008). What happens if we compare chopsticks with forks? The impact of making inappropriate comparisons in cross-cultural research. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 95(5), 1005–1018. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0013193
Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating Goodness-of-Fit Indexes for Testing Measurement Invariance. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 9(2), 233–255. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5
Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112(1), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.112.1.155
Cougle, J. R., Bernstein, A., Zvolensky, M. J., Vujanovic, A. A., & Macatee, R. J. (2013). Validation of self-report measures of emotional and physical distress tolerance. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 35(1), 76-84. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-012-9317-2
Cyders, M. A., Littlefield, A. K., Coffey, S., & Karyadi, K. A. (2014). Examination of a short English version of the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Addictive Behaviors, 39(9), 1372-1376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.02.013
del Valle, M. V., Andrés, M. L., & Urquijo, S. (2020). Escala de Tolerancia al Distrés: Propiedades psicométricas en estudiantes universitarios argentinos. Acta de Investigación Psicológica, 10(3), 66-79. https://doi.org/10.22201/fpsi.20074719e.2020.3.359
Dueber, D. M. (2017). Bifactor indices calculator: A Microsoft Excel-based tool to calculate various indices relevant to bifactor CFA models. https://dx.doi.org/10.13023/edp.tool.01 [Available at htttp://sites.education.uky.edu/apslab/resources/]
El-Ashry, A. M., Hussein Ramadan Atta, M., Alsenany, S. A., Farghaly Abdelaliem, S. M., & Abdelwahab Khedr, M. (2023). The Effect of Distress Tolerance Training on Problematic Internet Use and Psychological Wellbeing Among Faculty Nursing Students: A Randomized Control Trial. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 16, 4015–4032. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S423194
Fisher, R. A. (1915). Frequency distribution of the values of the correlation coefficient in samples from an indefinitely large population. Biometrika, 10(4), 507.521. https://doi.org/10.2307/2331838
Garner, L. E., Van Kirk, N., Tifft, E. D., Krompinger, J. W., Mathes, B. M., Fraire, M., Falkenstein, M. J., Brennan, B. P., Crosby, J. M., & Elias, J. A. (2018). Validation of the distress tolerance scale?short form in obsessive compulsive disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 74(6), 916-925. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22554
Glass, D. C., Kelsall, H. L., Slegers, C., Forbes, A. B., Loff, B., Zion, D., & Fritschi, L. (2015). A telephone survey of factors affecting willingness to participate in health research surveys. BMC Public Health, 15, 1017. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2350-9
González-Ramírez, M. T., Landero-Hernández, R., & del Carmen Quezada-Berumen, L. (2019). Escala de tolerancia al estrés: propiedades psicométricas en muestra mexicana y relación con estrés percibido y edad. Ansiedad y Estrés, 25(2), 79-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anyes.2019.08.004
Greenberg, L. P., Martindale, S. L., Fils-Aimé, L. R., & Dolan, S. L. (2016). Distress Tolerance and Impulsivity Are Associated with Drug and Alcohol Use Consequences in an Online Community Sample. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 30(1), 50-59. https://doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.30.1.50
Gross, J. J., & John, O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(2), 348–362. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Exploratory factor analysis. En J. F., Hair, W. C., Black, B. J. Babin, & R. E., Anderson (Eds.), Multivariate Data Analysis (8 Ed.), pp. 121-188. Cengage.
Haver, A., Krampe, H., Danbolt, L. J., Stålsett, G., & Schnell, T. (2023). Emotion regulation moderates the association between COVID-19 stress and mental distress: findings on buffering, exacerbation, and gender differences in a cross-sectional study from Norway. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1121986. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1121986
Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1995). Evaluating model fit. In R. H. Hoyle (Ed.), Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues and application (pp. 77–99). Sage.
Jeffries, E. R., McLeish, A. C., Kraemer, K. M., Avallone, K. M., & Fleming, J. B. (2016). The role of distress tolerance in the use of specific emotion regulation strategies. Behavior Modification, 40(3), 439-451. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445515619596
Jose, P. E., & Ratcliffe, V. (2004). Stressor frequency and perceived intensity as predictors on internalizing symptoms: Gender and age differences in adolescence. New Zealand Journal of Psychology, 33(3), 145–154.
Kahler, C. W., Strong, D. R., & Read, J. P. (2005). Toward efficient and comprehensive measurement of the alcohol problems continuum in college students: The Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 29(7), 1180-1189. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ALC.0000171940.95813.A5
Kaiser, A. J., Milich, R., Lynam, D. R., & Charnigo, R. J. (2012). Negative urgency, distress tolerance, and substance abuse among college students. Addictive Behaviors, 37(10), 1075-1083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.04.017
Kaminer, D., Bravo, A. J., Mezquita, L., & Pilatti, A. (2023). Adverse childhood experiences and adulthood mental health: A cross-cultural examination among university students in seven countries. Current Psychology, 42(21), 18370-18381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-02978-3
Kechter, A., Barrington-Trimis, J. L., Cho, J., Davis, J. P., Huh, J., Black, D. S., & Leventhal, A. M. (2021). Distress tolerance and subsequent substance use throughout high school. Addictive Behaviors, 120, 106983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106983
Kessler, R. C., Barker, P. R., Colpe, L. J., Epstein, J. F., Gfroerer, J. C., Hiripi, E., ... & Zaslavsky, A. M. (2003). Screening for serious mental illness in the general population. Archives of general psychiatry, 60(2), 184-189. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.60.2.184
Khan, A. J., Pedrelli, P., Shapero, B. G., Fisher, L., Nyer, M., Farabaugh, A. I., & MacPherson, L. (2018). The Association between Distress Tolerance and Alcohol Related Problems: The Pathway of Drinking to Cope. Substance Use & Misuse, 53(13), 2199–2209. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2018.1464027
Kratovic, L., Smith, L. J., & Vujanovic, A. A. (2021). PTSD symptoms, suicidal ideation, and suicide risk in university students: The role of distress tolerance. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 30(1), 82-100. https://doi.org/10.1080/10926771.2019.1709594
Labella, M. H., Klein, N. D., Yeboah, G., Bailey, C., Doane, A. N., Kaminer, D., Bravo, A. J., & Cross?Cultural Addictions Study Team. (2024). Childhood bullying victimization, emotion regulation, rumination, distress tolerance, and depressive symptoms: A cross?national examination among young adults in seven countries. Aggressive Behavior, 50(1), e22111. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.22111
Lass, A. N., & Winer, E. S. (2020). Distress tolerance and symptoms of depression: A review and integration of literatures. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 27(3), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/cpsp.12336
Lee, S. L., Wu, L. M., Lin, S. Y., Chen, T. H., & Lin, W. T. (2024). Cross?cultural translation and validation of the Chinese version Distress Tolerance Scale for adolescents with chronic physical disease. Child: Care, Health and Development, 50(3), e13270. https://doi.org/10.1111/cch.13270
Leonangeli, S., Michelini, Y., & Rivarola Montejano, G. (2024). Depresión, ansiedad y estrés en estudiantes universitarios antes y durante los primeros tres meses de cuarentena por COVID-19 [Depression, anxiety and stress in college students before and during the first three months of COVID-19 lockdown]. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, 53(3) 284-294. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcp.2022.04.008
Leyro, T. M., Bernstein, A., Vujanovic, A. A., McLeish, A. C., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2011). Distress Tolerance Scale: A confirmatory factor analysis among daily cigarette smokers. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 33, 47-57. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-010-9197-2
Lipson, S. K., Zhou, S., Abelson, S., Heinze, J., Jirsa, M., Morigney, J., Patterson, A., Singh, M., & Eisenberg, D. (2022). Trends in college student mental health and help-seeking by race/ethnicity: Findings from the national healthy minds study, 2013-2021. Journal of Affective Disorders, 306, 138–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.03.038
Lozano, O. M., Díaz-Batanero, C., Rojas, A. J., Pilatti, A., & Fernández-Calderón, F. (2018). Concordance between the original and short version of the Impulsive Behaviour Scale UPPS-P using an IRT model. PLoS ONE, 13(3), e0194390. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194390
Mattingley, S., Youssef, G. J., Manning, V., Graeme, L., & Hall, K. (2022). Distress tolerance across substance use, eating, and borderline personality disorders: A meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 300, 492-504. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.12.126
Melli, G., Chiorri, C., Lebruto, A., Drabik, M. J., Puccetti, C., & Caccico, L. (2021). Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 43, 698-706. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-021-09876-1
Mezquita, L., Bravo, A. J., Morizot, J., Pilatti, A., Pearson, M. R., Ibáñez, M. I., Ortet, G., & Cross-Cultural Addictions Study Team (2019). Cross-cultural examination of the Big Five Personality Trait Short Questionnaire: Measurement invariance testing and associations with mental health. PloS One, 14(12), e0226223. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226223
Mezquita, L., Bravo, A. J., Pilatti, A., Ortet, G., Ibáñez, M. I., & Cross-Cultural Addictions Study Team. (2021). Preliminary validity and reliability evidence of the Brief Antisocial Behavior Scale (B-ABS) in young adults from four countries. PloS One, 16(2), e0247528. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247528
Muhomba, M., Chugani, C. D., Uliaszek, A. A., & Kannan, D. (2017). Distress tolerance skills for college students: A pilot investigation of a brief DBT group skills training program. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, 31(3), 247-256. https://doi.org/10.1080/87568225.2017.1294469
Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2019). Mplus (version 8.4). [Computer software]. Muthén & Muthén. https://www.statmodel.com/
Norton, E. O., Hailemeskel, R., Bravo, A. J., Pilatti, A., Kaimner, D., Conway, C. C., Mezquita, L., Hogarth, L., & Cross-Cultural Addictions Study Team (2023). Childhood Traumatic Experiences and Negative Alcohol-Related Consequences in Adulthood: A Cross-Cultural Examination of Distress Tolerance and Drinking to Cope. Substance Use & Misuse, 58(6), 804–811. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2023.2188563
Oorjitham, S., Medvedev, O. N., & Bravo, A. J. (2024). Cross-national examination of the Distress Tolerance Scale using Rasch methodology. Current Psychology, 43 , 21162–21179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-024-05894-w
Pilatti, A., Cupani, M., Bravo, A. J., Mezquita, L., Read, J. P., Pautassi, R. M., & Cross-Cultural Addictions Study Team (2023). Utility of the Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire to Identify College Students At-Risk for Alcohol Related Problems: Relative Operating Characteristics across Seven Countries. Substance Use & Misuse, 58(13), 1678–1690. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2023.2238307
Pilatti, A., Michelini, Y., Bravo, A. J., & Pautassi, R. M. (2022). The Association between Distress Tolerance and Alcohol Outcomes via Internal Drinking Motives. Substance Use & Misuse, 57(2), 230–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/10826084.2021.2002900
Pilatti, A., Bravo, A. J., Michelini, Y., Aguirre, P., & Pautassi, R. M. (2021). Self-control and problematic use of social networking sites: Examining distress tolerance as a mediator among Argentinian college students. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 14, 100389. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100389
Pilatti, A., Read, J. P., Vera, B., Caneto, F., Garimaldi, J. A., & Kahler, C. W. (2014). The Spanish version of the Brief Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire (B-YAACQ): a Rasch model analysis. Addictive Behaviors, 39(5), 842-847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.01.026
Putnick, D. L., & Bornstein, M. H. (2016). Measurement invariance conventions and reporting: the state of the art and future directions for psychological research. Developmental Review, 41, 71–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2016.06.004
Rand-Giovannetti, D., Rozzell, K. N., & Latner, J. (2022). The role of positive self-compassion, distress tolerance, and social problem-solving in the relationship between perfectionism and disordered eating among racially and ethnically diverse college students. Eating Behaviors, 44, 101598. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2022.101598
Ranney, R. M., Berenz, E., Rappaport, L. M., Amstadter, A., Dick, D., & Spit for Science Working Group. (2022). Anxiety sensitivity and distress tolerance predict changes in internalizing symptoms in individuals exposed to interpersonal trauma. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 46(1), 217-231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-021-10234-4
Reise, S. P., Bonifay, W. E., & Haviland, M. G. (2013). Scoring and modeling psychological measures in the presence of multidimensionality. Journal of Personality Assessment, 95(2), 129-140. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2012.725437
Robinson, M., Ross, J., Fletcher, S., Burns, C. R., Lagdon, S., & Armour, C. (2021). The mediating role of distress tolerance in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and mental health outcomes among university students. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(15-16), 7249-7273. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519835002
Rodriguez, A., Reise, S. P., & Haviland, M. G. (2016). Evaluating bifactor models: Calculating and interpreting statistical indices. Psychological Methods, 21, 137-150. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037/met0000045
Rogers, T. A., Bardeen, J. R., Fergus, T. A., & Benfer, N. (2020). Factor structure and incremental utility of the Distress Tolerance Scale: A bifactor analysis. Assessment, 27(2), 297-308. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191118789496
Rokosz, M., & Poprawa, R. (2020). A Polish adaptation and validation of the Distress Tolerance Scale. Roczniki Psychologiczne, 23(4), 347-366. https://doi.org/10.18290/rpsych20234-3
Roozen, H. G., Bravo, A. J., Pilatti, A., Mezquita, L., Vingerhoets, A., & Cross-cultural Addictions Study Team. (2020). Cross-cultural examination of the Community Reinforcement Approach Happiness Scale (CRA-HS): Testing measurement invariance in five countries. Current Psychology, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-00818-w
Sandín, B., Simons, J. S., Valiente, R. M., Simons, R. M., & Chorot, P. (2017). Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of The Distress Tolerance Scale and its relationship with personality and psychopathological symptoms. Psicothema, 29(3), 421-428. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2016.239
Simons, J. S., & Gaher, R. M. (2005). The Distress Tolerance Scale: Development and validation of a self-report measure. Motivation and Emotion, 29(2), 83-102. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11031-005-7955-3
Slabbert, A., Hasking, P., Greene, D., & Boyes, M. (2021). Measurement invariance of the distress tolerance scale among university students with and without a history of non-suicidal self-injury. PeerJ, 9, e10915. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.10915
Tonarely, N. A., & Ehrenreich-May, J. (2020). Confirming the factor structure and validity of the distress tolerance scale (DTS) in youth. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 51(4), 514-526. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-019-00935-z
Watson, D., O'Hara, M. W., Simms, L. J., Kotov, R., Chmielewski, M., McDade-Montez, E. A., Gamez, W., & Stuart, S. (2007). Development and validation of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms (IDAS). Psychological Assessment, 19(3), 253–268. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.19.3.253
You, J., & Leung, F. (2012). A Chinese adaptation of the Distress Tolerance Scale among adolescents: Factor structure and psychometric properties. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 34, 136-144. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-011-9256-3
Zegel, M., Tran, J. K., & Vujanovic, A. A. (2019). Posttraumatic stress, alcohol use, and alcohol use motives among firefighters: The role of distress tolerance. Psychiatry Research, 282, 112633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112633
Zeifman, R. J., Boritz, T., Barnhart, R., Labrish, C., & McMain, S. F. (2020). The independent roles of mindfulness and distress tolerance in treatment outcomes in dialectical behavior therapy skills training. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 11(3), 181-190. https://doi.org/10.1037/per0000368
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2026 Pablo Correa, Gabriela Rivarola Montejano, Yanina Michelini, Adrian J. Bravo, Ricardo M. Pautassi, Angelina Pilatti
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con la declaración de principios éticos disponible en la web y con los siguientes términos:
Los derechos del material publicado pertenecerán a sus respectivos autores. Los artículos publicados en HAAJ se pueden utilizar bajo la licencia Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International, por lo que se permite la lectura, copia, distribución, impresión, búsqueda o realizar enlaces al texto completo de esta revista sin pedir permiso previo del editor o del autor, siempre que se referencia a HAAJ y a los autores y no se utilice con fines comerciales.
Los autores pueden incluir la obra en repositorios institucionales o en otras publicaciones siempre que se reconozca y cite adecuadamente esta revista.
El equipo editorial de HAAJ anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos publicados a través de cualquier medio (conferencias, clases, charlas, etc.) y/o plataformas (redes sociales, repositorios, webs, etc.).
HAAJ sigue las "Core Practices" de COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics).
